1 Samuel 20
How to read this: this is a word-for-word rendering straight from the original Hebrew, not a copyrighted translation — the top of each chip is the original word, the bottom is its plain-English sense. Faded chips mark words the Hebrew implies but wouldn't literally be spoken in English. Click any word for its full Strong's dictionary entry.
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וַיִּבְרַ֣חand he fledדָּוִ֔דDavidמִנָּי֖וֹתfrom Naiothבָּרָמָ֑הin the Ramahוַיָּבֹ֞אand he wentוַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀and he saidלִפְנֵ֣יto beforeיְהוֹנָתָ֗ןJonathanמֶ֤הwhat?עָשִׂ֙יתִי֙have I doneמֶֽה־what?עֲוֹנִ֤יis iniquity myוּמֶֽה־and what?חַטָּאתִי֙is sin myלִפְנֵ֣יto beforeאָבִ֔יךָfather yourכִּ֥יthatמְבַקֵּ֖שׁis seekingאֶת־obj.נַפְשִֽׁי׃life my
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וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidל֣וֹto the himחָלִילָה֮far be itלֹ֣אnotתָמוּת֒you will dieהִנֵּ֡הhere!לֹֽא־notיַעֲשֶׂ֨הhe doesאָבִ֜יfather myדָּבָ֣רanythingגָּד֗וֹלgreatא֚וֹorדָּבָ֣רanythingקָטֹ֔ןsmallוְלֹ֥אand notיִגְלֶ֖הhe uncoversאֶת־obj.אָזְנִ֑יear myוּמַדּוּעַ֩and why?יַסְתִּ֨ירwill he hideאָבִ֥יfather myמִמֶּ֛נִּיfrom meאֶת־obj.הַדָּבָ֥רthe thingהַזֶּ֖הthe thisאֵ֥יןthere notזֹֽאת׃is this
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וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨עand he swore an oathע֜וֹדagainדָּוִ֗דDavidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙and he saidיָדֹ֨עַcertainly to knowיָדַ֜עhe knowsאָבִ֗יךָfather yourכִּֽי־thatמָצָ֤אתִיI have foundחֵן֙favorבְּעֵינֶ֔יךָin view yourוַיֹּ֛אמֶרand he has saidאַל־may notיֵֽדַע־he knowזֹ֥אתthisיְהוֹנָתָ֖ןJonathanפֶּן־lestיֵֽעָצֵ֑בhe should be grievedוְאוּלָ֗םand butחַי־by the lifeיְהוָה֙of Yahwehוְחֵ֣יand by the life ofנַפְשֶׁ֔ךָself yourכִּ֣יforכְפֶ֔שַׂעabout a stepבֵּינִ֖יbetween meוּבֵ֥יןand betweenהַמָּֽוֶת׃the death
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וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidדָּוִ֜דDavidאֶל־toיְהוֹנָתָ֗ןJonathanהִֽנֵּה־here!חֹ֙דֶשׁ֙a new moonמָחָ֔רwill be tomorrowוְאָנֹכִ֛יand Iיָשֹׁב־certainly to sitאֵשֵׁ֥בI will sitעִם־withהַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingלֶאֱכ֑וֹלto eatוְשִׁלַּחְתַּ֙נִי֙and you will let go meוְנִסְתַּרְתִּ֣יand I will hide myselfבַשָּׂדֶ֔הin the fieldעַ֖דuntilהָעֶ֥רֶבthe eveningהַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית׃the third
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אִם־ifפָּקֹ֥דcertainly if to missיִפְקְדֵ֖נִיhe will miss meאָבִ֑יךָfather yourוְאָמַרְתָּ֗and you will sayנִשְׁאֹל֩certainly to askנִשְׁאַ֨לhe asked for himselfמִמֶּ֤נִּיfrom meדָוִד֙Davidלָרוּץ֙to runבֵּֽית־Beth-לֶ֣חֶם-lehemעִיר֔וֹcity hisכִּ֣יforזֶ֧בַחthe sacrifice ofהַיָּמִ֛יםthe daysשָׁ֖םis thereלְכָל־for allהַמִּשְׁפָּחָֽה׃the clan
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וְעָשִׂ֤יתָand you will doחֶ֙סֶד֙covenant loyaltyעַל־towardsעַבְדֶּ֔ךָservant yourכִּ֚יforבִּבְרִ֣יתin the covenant ofיְהוָ֔הYahwehהֵבֵ֥אתָyou have broughtאֶֽת־obj.עַבְדְּךָ֖servant yourעִמָּ֑ךְwith youוְאִם־and ifיֶשׁ־thereבִּ֤יin the meעָוֹן֙is iniquityהֲמִיתֵ֣נִיput to death meאַ֔תָּהyouוְעַד־and toאָבִ֖יךָfather yourלָמָּה־to why?זֶּ֥הthisתְבִיאֵֽנִי׃ פwill you bring me
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וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidיְהוֹנָתָ֖ןJonathanחָלִ֣ילָהfar be itלָּ֑ךְto the youכִּ֣י׀thatאִם־ifיָדֹ֣עַever to knowאֵדַ֗עI will knowכִּֽי־thatכָלְתָ֨הit has been determinedהָרָעָ֜הthe harmמֵעִ֤םfrom withאָבִי֙father myלָב֣וֹאto comeעָלֶ֔יךָon youוְלֹ֥אand notאֹתָ֖הּobj. itאַגִּ֥ידwill I tellלָֽךְ׃ סto the you?
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וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidיְהוֹנָתָ֜ןJonathanאֶל־toדָּוִ֗דDavidיְהוָ֞הYahwehאֱלֹהֵ֤יthe God ofיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Israelכִּֽי־thatאֶחְקֹ֣רI will sound outאֶת־obj.אָבִ֗יfather myכָּעֵ֤ת׀about the this timeמָחָר֙tomorrowהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֔יתthe thirdוְהִנֵּה־and there!ט֖וֹבgoodאֶל־is toדָּוִ֑דDavidוְלֹֽא־and not?אָז֙thenאֶשְׁלַ֣חwill I sendאֵלֶ֔יךָto youוְגָלִ֖יתִיand I will uncoverאֶת־obj.אָזְנֶֽךָ׃ear your
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כֹּֽה־thusיַעֲשֶׂה֩may he doיְהוָ֨הYahwehלִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ןto Jonathanוְכֹ֣הand thusיֹסִ֗יףmay he addכִּֽי־ifיֵיטִ֨בit will make goodאֶל־toאָבִ֤יfather myאֶת־obj.הָֽרָעָה֙the harmעָלֶ֔יךָon youוְגָלִ֙יתִי֙and I will uncoverאֶת־obj.אָזְנֶ֔ךָear yourוְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָand I will send away youוְהָלַכְתָּ֣and you will goלְשָׁל֑וֹםto peaceוִיהִ֤יand may he beיְהוָה֙Yahwehעִמָּ֔ךְwith youכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asהָיָ֖הhe has beenעִם־withאָבִֽי׃father my
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וְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ֙and you will do three timesתֵּרֵ֣דyou will come downמְאֹ֔דexceedinglyוּבָאתָ֙and you will comeאֶל־toהַמָּק֔וֹםthe placeאֲשֶׁר־whereנִסְתַּ֥רְתָּyou hid yourselfשָּׁ֖םthereבְּי֣וֹםon the day ofהַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֑הthe deedוְיָ֣שַׁבְתָּ֔and you will stayאֵ֖צֶלbesideהָאֶ֥בֶןthe stoneהָאָֽזֶל׃the Ezel
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וְהִנֵּה֙and there!אֶשְׁלַ֣חI will sendאֶת־obj.הַנַּ֔עַרthe ladלֵ֖ךְgoמְצָ֣אfindאֶת־obj.הַחִצִּ֑יםthe arrowsאִם־ifאָמֹר֩certainly if to sayאֹמַ֨רI will sayלַנַּ֜עַרto the ladהִנֵּ֥הthere!הַחִצִּ֣ים׀the arrowsמִמְּךָ֣are from youוָהֵ֗נָּהand hitherקָחֶ֧נּוּ׀fetch itוָבֹ֛אָהand come !כִּֽי־forשָׁל֥וֹםsafetyלְךָ֛belongs to the youוְאֵ֥יןand there notדָּבָ֖רis anythingחַי־by the lifeיְהוָֽה׃of Yahweh
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וַיֵּ֣שֶׁבand he sat downהַ֠מֶּלֶךְthe kingעַל־onמ֨וֹשָׁב֜וֹseat hisכְּפַ֣עַם׀as timeבְּפַ֗עַםon timeאֶל־toמוֹשַׁב֙the seat ofהַקִּ֔ירthe wallוַיָּ֙קָם֙and he aroseיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןJonathanוַיֵּ֥שֶׁבand he sat downאַבְנֵ֖רAbnerמִצַּ֣דfrom the side ofשָׁא֑וּלSaulוַיִּפָּקֵ֖דand it was emptyמְק֥וֹםthe place ofדָּוִֽד׃David
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וַיְהִ֗יand it wasמִֽמָּחֳרַ֤תfrom the next day ofהַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙the new moonהַשֵּׁנִ֔יthe secondוַיִּפָּקֵ֖דand it was emptyמְק֣וֹםthe place ofדָּוִ֑ד סDavidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidשָׁאוּל֙Saulאֶל־toיְהוֹנָתָ֣ןJonathanבְּנ֔וֹson hisמַדּ֜וּעַwhy?לֹא־notבָ֧אhas he comeבֶן־the son ofיִשַׁ֛יJesseגַּם־bothתְּמ֥וֹלyesterdayגַּם־as well asהַיּ֖וֹםthis dayאֶל־toהַלָּֽחֶם׃the food
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וַיֹּ֡אמֶרand he saidשַׁלְּחֵ֣נִיlet go meנָ֡אpleaseכִּ֣יforזֶבַח֩a sacrifice ofמִשְׁפָּחָ֨הthe clanלָ֜נוּbelongs to the usבָּעִ֗ירin the cityוְה֤וּאand heצִוָּֽה־he has commandedלִי֙to the meאָחִ֔יbrother myוְעַתָּ֗הand thereforeאִם־ifמָצָ֤אתִיI have foundחֵן֙favorבְּעֵינֶ֔יךָin view yourאִמָּ֥לְטָהlet me slip awayנָּ֖אpleaseוְאֶרְאֶ֣הso I may seeאֶת־obj.אֶחָ֑יbrothers myעַל־there-כֵּ֣ן-foreלֹא־notבָ֔אhe has comeאֶל־toשֻׁלְחַ֖ןthe table ofהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ סthe king
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וַיִּֽחַר־and it burnedאַ֤ףthe anger ofשָׁאוּל֙Saulבִּיה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןon Jonathanוַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidל֔וֹto the himבֶּֽן־O son ofנַעֲוַ֖תthe perverse woman ofהַמַּרְדּ֑וּתthe rebelliousnessהֲל֣וֹא¿ notיָדַ֗עְתִּיdo I knowכִּֽי־thatבֹחֵ֤רare choosingאַתָּה֙youלְבֶן־to the son ofיִשַׁ֔יJesseלְבָ֨שְׁתְּךָ֔to own shame yourוּלְבֹ֖שֶׁתand to the shame ofעֶרְוַ֥תthe nakedness ofאִמֶּֽךָ׃mother your
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כִּ֣יforכָל־allהַיָּמִ֗יםthe daysאֲשֶׁ֤רwhichבֶּן־the son ofיִשַׁי֙Jesseחַ֣יhe livesעַל־onהָאֲדָמָ֔הthe earthלֹ֥אnotתִכּ֖וֹןyou will be establishedאַתָּ֣הyouוּמַלְכוּתֶ֑ךָand kingdom yourוְעַתָּ֗הand thereforeשְׁלַ֨חsendוְקַ֤חand fetchאֹתוֹ֙obj. himאֵלַ֔יto meכִּ֥יforבֶן־is a son ofמָ֖וֶתdeathהֽוּא׃ סhe
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וַיָּ֧קָםand he aroseיְהוֹנָתָ֛ןJonathanמֵעִ֥םfrom withהַשֻּׁלְחָ֖ןthe tableבָּחֳרִי־in the heat ofאָ֑ףangerוְלֹא־and notאָכַ֞לhe ateבְּיוֹם־on the day ofהַחֹ֤דֶשׁthe new moonהַשֵּׁנִי֙the secondלֶ֔חֶםfoodכִּ֤יforנֶעְצַב֙he was grievedאֶל־concerningדָּוִ֔דDavidכִּ֥יforהִכְלִמ֖וֹhe had put to shame himאָבִֽיו׃ סfather his
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הַנַּעַר֮the ladבָּא֒he wentוְדָוִ֗דand Davidקָ֚םhe aroseמֵאֵ֣צֶלfrom besideהַנֶּ֔גֶבthe southוַיִּפֹּ֨לand he fellלְאַפָּ֥יוto face hisאַ֛רְצָהthe ground towardsוַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּand he bowed downשָׁלֹ֣שׁthreeפְּעָמִ֑יםtimesוַֽיִּשְּׁק֣וּ׀and they kissedאִ֣ישׁeachאֶת־obj.רֵעֵ֗הוּfriend hisוַיִּבְכּוּ֙and they wept forאִ֣ישׁeachאֶת־obj.רֵעֵ֔הוּfriend hisעַד־untilדָּוִ֖דDavidהִגְדִּֽיל׃he did great things
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וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidוַיָּ֖קָםand he aroseיְהוֹנָתָ֛ןJonathanוַיֵּלַ֑ךְand he wentלְדָוִ֖דto Davidוִיהוֹנָתָ֖ןand Jonathanלֵ֣ךְgoבָּ֥אhe wentלְשָׁל֑וֹםto peaceהָעִֽיר׃the cityאֲשֶׁר֩thatנִשְׁבַּ֨עְנוּwe have sworn an oathשְׁנֵ֜ינוּthe two of usאֲנַ֗חְנוּweבְּשֵׁ֤םby the name ofיְהוָה֙Yahwehלֵאמֹ֔רto sayingיְהוָ֞הYahwehיִֽהְיֶ֣ה׀he will beבֵּינִ֣יbetween meוּבֵינֶ֗ךָand between youוּבֵ֥יןand betweenזַרְעִ֛יoffspring myוּבֵ֥יןand betweenזַרְעֲךָ֖offspring yourעַד־untilעוֹלָֽם׃ פperpetuity
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